A debate has continued for some time between the extreme positions that:-

1. organisations always have been and always will be Weberian bureaucracies

2. organisation form is undergoing radical transformation.

3. 'management' is about running traditional hierarchical bureaucracies, whereas 'leadership' is what is needed to make the new forms work ('strategic imagination').

4. we don't know enough about how leadership works in and on these new forms to enhance leadership development?